Rectangular Type Cooling Tower

Description

Technical Terms & Definitions
What is Cooling Tower?
Cooling Tower are used to allow companies to remove heat from processed water. By allowing companies to recirculate existing processed water, tremendous amounts (98%) of water usage and sewer cost can be saved. Global Cooling Tower’s manufacturing range from 10 to 1000 tons in a single unit.
Principles of Cooling Tower:
All cooling towers operate on the principle of removing heat from water by evaporating a small portion of the water that is re-circulated through the unit. The heat that is removed is called the latent heat of vaporization. Each one-pound of water that is evaporated removes approximately 1,000 BTU’s in the form of latent heat.
BTU (British Thermal Unit):
A BTU is the unit of heat energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree Fahrenheit in the range from 32°F to 212°F
Wet-Bulb Temperature:
The Lowest temperature that water theoretically can reach by evaporation. Wet-Bulb temperature is an extremely important parameter in tower selection and design and should be measured by a psychrometer.
Ton:
An evaporative cooling ton is 15,000 BTU’s per hour.
Cooling Range:
The difference in temperature between the hot water entering the tower and the cold water leaving the tower is
the cooling range. Heat Load:
The amount of heat to be removed from the circulating water within the tower. Heat load is equal to water circulation rate (gpm) times the cooling range times 500 and is expressed in BTU/hr. Heat load is also an important parameter in determining tower size and cost.
Approach:
The difference Between the temperature of the cold water leaving the tower and the wet-bulb temperature of the air is known as the approach. Establishment of the approach fixes the operating temperature of the tower and is a most important parameter in determining both tower size and cost.
Drift:
The water entrained in the air flow and discharged to the atmosphere. Drift loss does not include water loss by evaporation. Proper tower design can minimize drift loss.
Makeup:
The amount of water required to replace normal losses caused by bleed off, drift, and evaporation.
Pumping Head:
The Pressure required to pump the water from the tower basin, through the entire system and return to the top of the tower.
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